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Can childhood sexual abuse by a person of the same sex cause homosexuality?

General Reference (not clearly pro or con)

Peter Dimock, MSW, Professional Education Director at the University of Minnesota School of Social Work, wrote in his article titled "Group Work With Adult Male Sexual Abuse Survivors," posted on The National Organization on Male Sexual Victimization (NOMSV) website, MaleSurvivor.org (accessed Mar. 5, 2009), that:
"Many men who were sexually abused (especially those abused by other men), are confused about their sexual/affectional preference. While it is difficult to determine cause and effect regarding this orientation (e.g., whether sexual abuse 'causes' homosexuality), most men, gay and straight, have concerns about how sexual abuse may have played a role in determining their sexual orientation."

Mar. 5, 2009 - Peter Dimock, MSW 

William C. Holmes, MD, MSCE, Assistant Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Gail B. Slap, MD, Associate Chair of Pediatrics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, in their Dec. 2, 1998 Journal of the American Medical Association article "Sexual Abuse of Boys," stated:
"Sexual abuse of boys appears to be common, underreported, underrecognized, and undertreated...

Abused [male] adolescents, particularly those victimized by males, were up to 7 times more likely to self-identify as gay or bisexual than peers who had not been abused. No longitudinal studies examined the causal relationship between abuse and gender role or sexual orientation, however. Gender role nonconformity and gay or bisexual identity may precede abuse."

Dec. 2, 1998 - William C. Holmes, MD, MSCE 

Can childhood sexual abuse by a person of the same sex cause homosexuality?

PRO (yes) CON (no)
Steve Baldwin, Executive Director of the Council for National Policy, wrote the following opinion in his Apr. 12, 2002 article titled "Child Molestation and the Homosexual Movement," published by Regent University Law Review:
"The homosexual community knows that the capture of all major youth groups is absolutely necessary to the expansion of its movement. They know what most social scientists and sex researchers know but refuse to talk about: homosexually-molested children are likely to become homosexual. After all, one of the most common characteristics of homosexual molesters is the fact that they were molested themselves during boyhood."

Apr. 12, 2002 - Steve Baldwin 

Helen W. Wilson, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychology at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, and Cathy Spatz Widom, PhD, Professor of Criminal Justice and Psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice at The City University of New York (CUNY), wrote the following information in their Jan. 7, 2009 article published by Archives of Sexual Behavior, "Does Physical Abuse, Sexual Abuse, or Neglect in Childhood Increase the Likelihood of Same-sex Sexual Relationships and Cohabitation? A Prospective 30-year Follow-up":
"Existing cross-sectional research suggests associations between physical and sexual abuse in childhood and same-sex sexual orientation in adulthood. [Our] study prospectively examined whether abuse and/or neglect in child-hood were associated with increased likelihood of same-sex partnerships in adulthood. The sample included physically abused... sexually abused... and neglected children (ages 0-11) with documented cases during 1967-1971 who were matched with non-maltreated children and followed into adulthood. At approximately age 40, participants (483 women and 461 men) were asked about romantic cohabitation and sexual partners, in the context of in-person interviews covering a range of topics...

[The results revealed that] men with documented histories of childhood sexual abuse were significantly more likely than controls to report ever having had same-sex sexual partners... These prospective findings provide tentative evidence of a link between childhood sexual abuse and same-sex partnerships among men."

Jan. 7, 2009 - Helen W. Wilson, PhD 
Cathy Spatz Widom, PhD 

Timothy J. Dailey, PhD, Senior Research Fellow at the Center for Marriage and Family Studies of the Family Research Council, in his article "Homosexuality and Child Sexual Abuse," posted to OrthodoxyToday.org (accessed Mar. 3, 2009), stated:
"[M]en who sexually molest boys all too often lead their victims into homosexuality and pedophilia. The evidence indicates that a high percentage of homosexuals and pedophiles were themselves sexually abused as children...

The circle of abuse is the tragic legacy of the attempts by homosexuals to legitimize having sex with boys. For too many boys it is already too late to protect them from those who took advantage of their need for love and attention. All too many later perpetrate the abuse by themselves engaging in the sexual abuse of boys. Only by exposing the lies, insincere denials, and deceptions--including those wrapped in scholastic garb - of those who prey sexually on children, can we hope to build a wall of protection around the helpless children among us."


Mar. 3, 2009 - Timothy J. Dailey, PhD 

New Directions Ministries, a Canadian based Christian organization, stated on their website FreeToBeMe.com (accessed Mar. 3, 2009), in the article, "A Developmental View of Homosexuality," that:
"Whether sexual, physical or emotional, abuse has a profound impact on an individual, damaging his or her sense of personhood, worth, and masculinity or femininity.

Depending on the specific situation and how the person responds to it, abuse can contribute to the development of homosexuality.

Sometimes a person will think they are homosexual because the abuser was of the same sex. Or, a person may later be involved with others of the same sex in an attempt to regain their masculinity or femininity that was destroyed by the abuse.

Other abuse factors include exposure to adult sexuality, the fusion of sexuality and intimacy, the search for resolution of historical trauma, etc."


Mar. 3, 2009 - New Directions Ministries  

Heterosexuals Organized for a Moral Environment (HOME), a pro-heterosexual activist group, wrote the following information in their home60615.com web based article titled "Sexual Abuse: A Major Cause of Homosexuality," (accessed Mar. 25, 2009):
"It is a well-documented fact that many many homosexuals were sexually abused when young... there are many more cases of sexual abuse than there are cases of homosexuality... we can see that sexual abuse can theoretically account for every case of homosexuality...

When someone says they are homosexual, our first response should be to try and find out if he/she was sexually abused and, if so, to then punish the abuser. Our next response should be to provide therapy to homosexuals to help them cope with their problems. Those who push the born-homosexual line are effectively ignoring the sexual abuse of children. What kind of 'people' want to let pedophiles get away with sexually abusing little kids? Those who oppose using therapy to change homosexuals into heterosexuals are, in effect, trying to keep homosexuals locked into homosexuality. Those who oppose such therapy do not want homosexuals to have a choice, a way out of homosexuality. That's un-American, inhumane, intolerant, and meanly oppressive...

One last note: Homosexuals do not want you to know that many of them were sexually abused when young, because many people who were so abused go on to molest others. And homosexuals do not want you to know that they are more likely to molest children than heterosexuals are."

Mar. 5, 2009 - Heterosexuals Organized for a Moral Environment (HOME) 

The American Psychiatric Association stated in its May 2000 website fact sheet "Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Issues":
"[N]o specific psychosocial or family dynamic cause for homosexuality has been identified, including histories of childhood sexual abuse.

Sexual abuse does not appear to be more prevalent in children who grow up to identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual, than in children who identify as heterosexual."

May 2000 - American Psychiatric Association 

Kali Munro, M.Ed., an online psychotherapist, wrote the following statements in her 2002 article titled "Am I Gay Because of the Abuse?," and posted on her website KaliMunro.com (accessed Mar. 5, 2009):
"Sexual abuse can interfere with sexual enjoyment; contribute to a survivor engaging in sexual behaviours that arise from the abuse; and interfere with survivors' ability to know what they want. But, sexual abuse can't create a survivor's deepest passion and desires...

We are all socially conditioned through culture, education, family, media, etc. Sexual abuse is another form of conditioning. As a result, sexual abuse survivors can be drawn to or be repulsed by things that have nothing to do with their authentic selves, and have more to do with their abuse... Homophobia plays a big role in creating the link between gay sexuality and sexual abuse. The myth that lesbians and gay men are sexual predators is still very much alive. In a society that links lesbian and gay sexuality with sexual predators, and where there is little or no information for youth about lesbian and gay sexuality, many lesbian and gay survivors assume that sexual abuse by someone of the same sex is what being gay is...

The truth is that sexual abuse and sexuality are a million miles apart; they truly have nothing in common. Something as wonderful and beautiful as our sexuality could never have arisen out of something as ugly and painful as sexual abuse."

2001 - Kali Munro, M.Ed. 

Bridget McBride (aka Sei), writer for LezGetReal.com, wrote the following statements in the article titled "Being Molested Did Not Make Me Lesbian (Or Transsexual)," published by LezGetReal.com (accessed Mar. 5, 2009):
"At the age of eleven, I was molested... Being molested did not make me either transsexual or lesbian. In fact, looking back for both me and my parents, it is easy to see how I was destined to grow up to be a woman. Growing up, I loved my dolls, and I loved to play house. I latched on to the female characters in my often male dominated childhood. I adored Princess Leia and often wished that they made female Transformer toys. Watching Robotech, I was always more interested in the female characters. I hated it when my sister got to wear makeup and I didn’t. I was growing up female in a male body... As for being lesbian, my earliest crush was on a girl in fourth grade. I adored Anne Wilson of Heart and had a huge poster of her and her sister, Nancy, up on my wall above my bed. I was interested in women, and I knew it. And that was before I was molested.

It is unfortunate that many people believe that being molested or raped leads to being homosexual or transsexual. The reality is that most gays, lesbians, and transsexuals have never been molested, raped or abused. Those of us who have are not this way because of what happened to us.

This notion is a means to dismiss the real reasons behind being gay, lesbian or trans. In fact, it is rather insulting. The scientific evidence that is out there shows that homosexuality and transsexuality have biological causes."

Mar. 5, 2009 - Bridget McBride (aka Sei) 

The National Organization on Male Sexual Victimization (NOMSV) in 2004 stated on its website, MaleSurvivor.org, that:
"While there are different theories about how the sexual orientation develops, experts in the human sexuality field do not believe that premature sexual experiences play a significant role in late adolescent or adult sexual orientation.

It is unlikely that someone can make another person a homosexual or heterosexual. Sexual orientation is a complex issue and there is no single answer or theory that explains why someone identifies himself as homosexual, heterosexual or bi-sexual. Whether perpetrated by older males or females, boys' or girls' premature sexual experiences are damaging in many ways, including confusion about one's sexual identity and orientation.

Many boys who have been abused by males erroneously believe that something about them sexually attracts males, and that this may mean they are homosexual or effeminate. Again, not true. Pedophiles who are attracted to boys will admit that the lack of body hair and adult sexual features turns them on. The pedophile's inability to develop and maintain a healthy adult sexual relationship is the problem - not the physical features of a sexually immature boy."


2004 - National Organization on Male Sexual Victimization (NOMSV) 

Last updated on 3/30/2009 6:17 AM PST